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The Science of Success

Are Babies Racist? Is Empathy Bad for Society? And More with Dr. Paul Bloom

43 min episode · 2 min read
·
Paul Bloom

Episode

43 min

Read time

2 min

Topics

Psychology & Behavior, Philosophy & Wisdom, Science & Discovery

AI-Generated Summary

Key Takeaways

  • Baby morality research: Infants as young as six months prefer helpful characters over harmful ones and show compassion, but also develop in-group biases based on language and appearance before their first birthday, demonstrating evolution's role in moral foundations.
  • Empathy versus compassion distinction: Empathy means feeling another person's pain, which leads to burnout and biased decisions. Compassion means caring about helping them without absorbing their emotions, which proves more effective and sustainable for caregivers, parents, and policymakers.
  • Policy failures from empathy: The Willie Horton furlough program was shut down after one prisoner committed crimes, despite reducing overall crime rates. Empathy for individual victims overrides statistical evidence, causing policies that increase total harm while addressing visible suffering.
  • Charitable giving strategy: Warm glow altruists spread small donations across multiple charities for emotional satisfaction. Effective altruists research which organizations create measurable impact and concentrate resources there, prioritizing outcomes over personal feelings when helping others.

What It Covers

Yale psychologist Paul Bloom argues empathy—feeling others' pain—creates biased, irrational decisions in policy and charity. He advocates for rational compassion over emotional empathy to achieve better outcomes for society.

Key Questions Answered

  • Baby morality research: Infants as young as six months prefer helpful characters over harmful ones and show compassion, but also develop in-group biases based on language and appearance before their first birthday, demonstrating evolution's role in moral foundations.
  • Empathy versus compassion distinction: Empathy means feeling another person's pain, which leads to burnout and biased decisions. Compassion means caring about helping them without absorbing their emotions, which proves more effective and sustainable for caregivers, parents, and policymakers.
  • Policy failures from empathy: The Willie Horton furlough program was shut down after one prisoner committed crimes, despite reducing overall crime rates. Empathy for individual victims overrides statistical evidence, causing policies that increase total harm while addressing visible suffering.
  • Charitable giving strategy: Warm glow altruists spread small donations across multiple charities for emotional satisfaction. Effective altruists research which organizations create measurable impact and concentrate resources there, prioritizing outcomes over personal feelings when helping others.

Notable Moment

Research shows European soccer fans display neural empathy responses when watching their team's supporters get shocked, but feel pleasure when rival fans suffer. Empathy shuts down completely across trivial group divisions like sports team allegiance.

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Episode Transcript

Welcome to the Science of Success with your host, Matt Bodnar. Welcome to the Science of Success. I'm your host, Matt Bodner. I'm an entrepreneur and investor in Nashville, Tennessee, and I'm obsessed with the mindset of success and the psychology of performance. I've read hundreds of books, conducted countless hours of research and study, and I'm going to take you on a journey into the human mind and what makes peak performers tick with a focus on always having our discussions rooted in psychological research and scientific fact, not opinion. In this episode, we start with a dive into evolutionary psychology and how biases have been programmed into you by millions of years of evolution. We look at why our guest condemns the concept of empathy, how science demonstrates that empathy has no correlation with doing good in the world, how empathy creates disastrous outcomes, and more with our guest, doctor Paul Bloom. The science of success continues to grow with more than 780,000 downloads, listeners in over 200 countries hitting number one new and noteworthy, and more. I get listener comments and emails all the time asking me, Matt, how do you organize and remember all this incredible information? A lot of our listeners are curious about how I keep track of all the incredible knowledge I get from reading hundreds of books, interviewing amazing experts, listening to awesome podcasts, and more. Because of that, we created an epic resource just for you, a detailed guide called how to organize and remember everything. And you can get it completely for free by texting the word smarter to the number 44222. Again, it's a guide we created called how to organize and remember everything. All you have to do to get it is to text the word smarter, that's s m a r t e r, to the number 44222, or go to our website scienceofsuccess.co, that's scienceofsuccess.co, and put in your email. In our previous episode, we discussed the paradox of happiness, why pursuing it makes you less happy, and what you can do about it. We dug into the research about what really makes people happy. We broke down happiness into its essential components and discussed how to cultivate it and much more with our guest, Tal Ben Shahar. If you wanna live a happier life, listen to that episode. Today, we have another exciting guest on the show, Paul Blum. Paul is a professor of psychology and cognitive science at Yale University and received his PhD from MIT. He's the co editor of the journal Behavior and Brain Sciences and the author of several books including Just Babies, The Origins of Good and Evil, and most recently, The Case for Rational Compassion. Paul, welcome to the Science of Success. Hey. Hey. Thanks for having me on. Well, we're very excited to have you on here. So for listeners who may not be familiar with you, tell us a little bit about your background and your story. …

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