Why Cryopreservation is No Longer Science Fiction with Until Co-founder and CEO Laura Deming
Episode
30 min
Read time
2 min
Topics
Productivity, Investing, Startups
AI-Generated Summary
Key Takeaways
- ✓Ice Formation Physics: Cryopreservation success depends on traversing the danger zone between zero and minus 130 degrees Celsius without ice nucleation. Ice formation is stochastic, not deterministic, allowing probabilistic control through cooling rates and cryoprotective agents. Faster cooling and rewarming reduces required chemical concentrations, trading engineering solutions for biological toxicity problems in tissue preservation.
- ✓Proven Scalability Foundation: Human embryos have been successfully cryopreserved for over 30 years and revived to create viable pregnancies. Academic research demonstrates reversible kidney cryopreservation in rats, where animals with single preserved kidneys return to normal function after one month. The core scientific question is not whether preservation works, but how to scale from hundreds of cells to complex organs and whole bodies.
- ✓Organ Transplant Transformation: Current transplant patients must remain within two-hour radius of surgery centers, unable to travel or plan their lives while waiting. Organs expire rapidly, forcing last-minute matching decisions and surgeons to operate immediately after overnight flights. Removing time constraints allows optimal patient-organ matching, scheduled surgeries, and eliminates the frequent problem of patients missing available organs due to logistics.
- ✓Engineering-Biology Tradeoff: Temperature provides a unique conceptual lever in biology where physics equations actually apply to model molecular behavior. Teams can reduce biological challenges like cryoprotective agent toxicity by improving engineering solutions for faster, more uniform cooling and rewarming. This engineering-biology substitutability distinguishes cryopreservation from most biological problems where only therapeutic approaches work.
- ✓Medical Hibernation Timeline: Until targets near-term organ preservation for transplants as proof of concept before whole-body applications. The technology addresses cases where patients miss life-saving treatments by months, like metastatic melanoma therapies that shifted survival from six months to over a decade. Brain preservation remains the largest unknown for whole-body protocols, requiring research into acceptable neural tissue injury levels.
What It Covers
Laura Deming, founder of Until, explains how reversible cryopreservation technology works to pause biological time for organs and potentially whole bodies. The company targets organ transplant logistics first, then aims for medical hibernation to bridge patients to future cures, addressing scientific challenges around ice formation and tissue preservation.
Key Questions Answered
- •Ice Formation Physics: Cryopreservation success depends on traversing the danger zone between zero and minus 130 degrees Celsius without ice nucleation. Ice formation is stochastic, not deterministic, allowing probabilistic control through cooling rates and cryoprotective agents. Faster cooling and rewarming reduces required chemical concentrations, trading engineering solutions for biological toxicity problems in tissue preservation.
- •Proven Scalability Foundation: Human embryos have been successfully cryopreserved for over 30 years and revived to create viable pregnancies. Academic research demonstrates reversible kidney cryopreservation in rats, where animals with single preserved kidneys return to normal function after one month. The core scientific question is not whether preservation works, but how to scale from hundreds of cells to complex organs and whole bodies.
- •Organ Transplant Transformation: Current transplant patients must remain within two-hour radius of surgery centers, unable to travel or plan their lives while waiting. Organs expire rapidly, forcing last-minute matching decisions and surgeons to operate immediately after overnight flights. Removing time constraints allows optimal patient-organ matching, scheduled surgeries, and eliminates the frequent problem of patients missing available organs due to logistics.
- •Engineering-Biology Tradeoff: Temperature provides a unique conceptual lever in biology where physics equations actually apply to model molecular behavior. Teams can reduce biological challenges like cryoprotective agent toxicity by improving engineering solutions for faster, more uniform cooling and rewarming. This engineering-biology substitutability distinguishes cryopreservation from most biological problems where only therapeutic approaches work.
- •Medical Hibernation Timeline: Until targets near-term organ preservation for transplants as proof of concept before whole-body applications. The technology addresses cases where patients miss life-saving treatments by months, like metastatic melanoma therapies that shifted survival from six months to over a decade. Brain preservation remains the largest unknown for whole-body protocols, requiring research into acceptable neural tissue injury levels.
Notable Moment
Deming reveals her childhood misconception that everyone lived to exactly ten years old before dying instantly, which sparked her interest in aging. This misunderstanding made longevity seem more tractable than if lifespans were fixed, since the uncertainty around death timing suggested underlying factors could potentially be modified through scientific intervention.
Episode Transcript
What if you could take someone who is on their deathbed and find some way to hibernate them until the sort of critical cure for their disease comes online? The ability to freeze time for humans. I didn't actually think that was something you could go work on, so apparently it is. Our long term goal is reversible whole body cryopreservation for medical hibernation. But in the near term, what we work on is reversely cryopreserving single human organs to help transplant patients get organs more efficiently. Making time not a variable changes the whole paradigm. One thing I love about the field of cryopreservation is I think, like, the problem speaks for itself. Water expands when it forms ice. That's just hard for your tissue to take without substantial damage. And the cool thing is that there's sort of a temperature reverse and you can get below that without ice formation, then you're good. We already reversibly cryopreserved tissue including human tissue all the time, and we do it for very long time periods. There are kids who were literally cryopreserved for thirty years years as tiny embryos. And so the main question is not, is this possible to do at all? It's is it possible to scale up? Given that's true, why don't you think it's been worked on? Hi, listeners. Welcome back to No Priors. Today, I'm really excited to be here with Laura Deming, previously the founder of the Longevity Fund and now the cofounder and CEO of Until. We're gonna talk about how Until is progressing the frontier of reversible cryopreservation or freezing living things and waking them back up, beginning with human organs progressing to small animals and hopefully making progress on the whole body. It sounds like science fiction, but we'll talk about some of the scientific challenges, where we are today, and the implications if this is possible. Thanks so much. Welcome, Laura. Laura, thanks so much for doing this. Yeah. Thanks for having me. I've been so looking forward to this since our Pantheon watch sessions. We're talking about upload and the nature of consciousness. But one thing that you don't know is that my, like, very long ago wished for technologies that I wanted to exist were telepathy and, like, upload and the ability to to to freeze time for humans. I didn't actually think that was something you could go work on. So, apparently, it is. How do you end up working on that or being interested in longevity at all? There there's two different questions. So, yeah, I come from longevity background, but in my mind, like, reversible cryo preservation is is applicable a bit outside of that as well. I don't know. I mean, I I think I'm really obsessed with areas that feel like they should be worked on but aren't. And, you know, when I was a kid, I think naively just growing up that seemed really obvious for longevity. And it's really surprising to …
Get the full transcript (6,989 words) + summary by email — free
One-time email with the complete transcript and AI summary of this episode. No account needed.
One email, no spam. We’ll also show you what SignalCast does.
Browse all No Priors: Artificial Intelligence | Technology | Startups transcripts →
You just read a 3-minute summary of a 27-minute episode.
Get No Priors: Artificial Intelligence | Technology | Startups summarized like this every Monday — plus up to 2 more podcasts, free.
Pick Your Podcasts — FreeKeep Reading
More from No Priors: Artificial Intelligence | Technology | Startups
Tokenization, Agentic Trading, Harmonic: Robinhood's Mission to Expand Ownership with CEO Vlad Tenev
Nov 5 · 54 min
20VC (20 Minute VC)
20VC: Five Predictions for a World of Agents | The Ads Business Model Will Die | Biggest Lessons from Working with Elon Musk at Twitter with Parag Agrawal, Parallel
Sep 26
More from No Priors: Artificial Intelligence | Technology | Startups
Taking on ServiceNow: Coding Agents the Rest of Us with Serval Co-Founder and CEO Jake Stauch
Oct 29 · 38 min
Cognitive Revolution
Zero to One in AI Safety: Halcyon's Mike McCormick on Launching 30 New Orgs & the Founder Bottleneck
Sep 25
More from No Priors: Artificial Intelligence | Technology | Startups
We summarize every new episode. Want them in your inbox?
Tokenization, Agentic Trading, Harmonic: Robinhood's Mission to Expand Ownership with CEO Vlad Tenev
Taking on ServiceNow: Coding Agents the Rest of Us with Serval Co-Founder and CEO Jake Stauch
Democratizing Security for the Agentic Web with CloudFlare CTO Dane Knecht
The New Apex Predator: CrowdStrike CEO George Kurtz on Adversaries Armed With AI Agents
The Changing Physics of Cybersecurity and Drug Development with OpenAI President Greg Brockman
Similar Episodes
Related episodes from other podcasts
20VC (20 Minute VC)
Sep 26
20VC: Five Predictions for a World of Agents | The Ads Business Model Will Die | Biggest Lessons from Working with Elon Musk at Twitter with Parag Agrawal, Parallel
Cognitive Revolution
Sep 25
Zero to One in AI Safety: Halcyon's Mike McCormick on Launching 30 New Orgs & the Founder Bottleneck
This Week in Startups
Aug 19
Neurosymbolic AI outperforms chatbots and product search | E2327
20VC (20 Minute VC)
Jun 29
20VC: Leo Aschenbrenner's Largest Holding: Inside the $90BN Bloom Energy | Why Electricity, Not AI Models, Will Decide the Winners of the AI Race | Why We Are Not in an AI Capex Bubble | Energy Sovereignty and The Future of Power with KR Sridhar
Masters of Scale
Jun 2
The race no one can win: AI’s anti-human crisis, with Aza Raskin
Explore Related Topics
This podcast is featured in Best AI Podcasts (2026) — ranked and reviewed with AI summaries.
Read this week's Investing & Markets Podcast Insights — cross-podcast analysis updated weekly.
You're clearly into No Priors: Artificial Intelligence | Technology | Startups.
Every Monday, we deliver AI summaries of the latest episodes from No Priors: Artificial Intelligence | Technology | Startups and 192+ other podcasts. Free for one show.
Start My Monday DigestNo credit card · Unsubscribe anytime