Skip to main content
WorkLife with Adam Grant

ReThinking: Taking politicians out of politics with Hélène Landemore

38 min episode · 2 min read
·
Hélène Landemore

Episode

38 min

Read time

2 min

Topics

Relationships, Investing, Leadership

AI-Generated Summary

Key Takeaways

  • Random selection advantages: Lottery systems avoid adverse selection problems inherent in elections, which disproportionately attract narcissists, Machiavellians, and psychopaths who excel at manipulation and superficial charm. Research shows randomly assigned leaders demonstrate less hubris and more servant leadership behaviors compared to elected officials who believe they are chosen ones deserving power.
  • Citizen assembly mechanics: Effective deliberation requires diverse representative samples spending weeks learning from experts, discussing with peers, and drafting legislation with professional support. France's Citizens Convention for Climate in 2019-2020 demonstrated ordinary people can propose concrete legislative measures when given time, expert testimony, facilitation, and legal translation assistance to convert ideas into formal bills.
  • Collective intelligence conditions: Assemblies work when experts serve citizens rather than dominate them, requiring both parties to adjust expectations. Experts must simplify presentations and listen actively while citizens learn to trust their judgment. Natural leaders who try asserting superiority get ostracized, maintaining group equality and enabling collective problem-solving that surpasses individual contributions.
  • Demographic representation impact: Including marginalized groups like homeless people fundamentally changes policy conversations beyond their direct contributions. Their presence reminds participants of real consequences from housing policies and humanizes populations that elected assemblies ignore since homeowners dominate traditional politics. Retired members provide emotional support and conflict mediation that heals political divisions.
  • Implementation pathway: Bottom-up multiplication of citizen assemblies at local levels builds demonstrated success in proposing workable solutions and reconciling public trust. Politicians eventually recognize trading some power for increased legitimacy benefits them. Ireland's 2012 hybrid assembly with one-third politicians and two-thirds random citizens on same-sex marriage successfully rebuilt politician-public trust through this gradual approach.

What It Covers

Political scientist Hélène Landemore from Yale presents her proposal to replace elected politicians with randomly selected citizen assemblies for legislative functions. She argues electoral politics suffers from adverse selection of narcissistic personalities, while lottery-based selection produces more humble, representative governance as demonstrated in Iceland, Ireland, and France's climate convention experiments.

Key Questions Answered

  • Random selection advantages: Lottery systems avoid adverse selection problems inherent in elections, which disproportionately attract narcissists, Machiavellians, and psychopaths who excel at manipulation and superficial charm. Research shows randomly assigned leaders demonstrate less hubris and more servant leadership behaviors compared to elected officials who believe they are chosen ones deserving power.
  • Citizen assembly mechanics: Effective deliberation requires diverse representative samples spending weeks learning from experts, discussing with peers, and drafting legislation with professional support. France's Citizens Convention for Climate in 2019-2020 demonstrated ordinary people can propose concrete legislative measures when given time, expert testimony, facilitation, and legal translation assistance to convert ideas into formal bills.
  • Collective intelligence conditions: Assemblies work when experts serve citizens rather than dominate them, requiring both parties to adjust expectations. Experts must simplify presentations and listen actively while citizens learn to trust their judgment. Natural leaders who try asserting superiority get ostracized, maintaining group equality and enabling collective problem-solving that surpasses individual contributions.
  • Demographic representation impact: Including marginalized groups like homeless people fundamentally changes policy conversations beyond their direct contributions. Their presence reminds participants of real consequences from housing policies and humanizes populations that elected assemblies ignore since homeowners dominate traditional politics. Retired members provide emotional support and conflict mediation that heals political divisions.
  • Implementation pathway: Bottom-up multiplication of citizen assemblies at local levels builds demonstrated success in proposing workable solutions and reconciling public trust. Politicians eventually recognize trading some power for increased legitimacy benefits them. Ireland's 2012 hybrid assembly with one-third politicians and two-thirds random citizens on same-sex marriage successfully rebuilt politician-public trust through this gradual approach.

Notable Moment

Landemore recounts a Chilean audience member standing up during her presentation, declaring she was trying to empower ignorant masses dangerously, then walking out. She notes the French National Assembly president told the 184 randomly selected climate convention members on day one that replacing election with lottery was out of the question and they had no legitimacy beyond what politicians granted them.

Know someone who'd find this useful?

Episode Transcript

This episode is supported by Harvard Business School Executive Education. Their programs create powerful connections for leaders around the world, strengthening both organizations and individuals by deepening existing relationships and fostering new ones. Participants leave with lifelong friends, new potential business partners, and a powerful globe spanning network of fellow change makers. Learn more at hbs.me/learn. That's hbs.me/learn. This episode is sponsored by Gab. We know that social media plays a role in today's youth mental health crisis. Teens now spend an average of nine hours a day on screens outside of school. That's essentially a full time job. But there's good news. There's a company called Gabb that's tackling the problem by doing something different. They're introducing tech in steps. Gabb's Kidsave phones and watches are designed specifically for growing kids, starting with GPS enabled watches for younger children and evolving into phones with more features for tweens and teens, all with strong parental controls. Bottom line, you don't have to hand your kid a device made for an adult. Give them Gab so they can stay connected safely. Visit gab.com/worklife and use code work life for a special offer. That's gabb.com/worklife. This message is brought to you by Apple Card. Apple Card members can earn unlimited daily cash back on everyday purchases wherever they shop. This means you could be earning daily cash on just about anything, like a slice of pizza from your local pizza place or a latte from the corner coffee shop. Apply for Apple Card in the Wallet app to see your credit limit offer in minutes. Subject to credit approval, Apple Card issued by Goldman Sachs Bank USA, Salt Lake City branch. Terms and more at applecard.com. In my ideal vision, yes, we are replacing elected officials with ordinary citizens for the purpose of legislation. And I understand it's a leap, but that's a leap that the Greeks did first. That's the real test of your faith in ordinary citizens. Hey, everyone. It's Adam Grant. Welcome back to Rethinking, my podcast with Ted on the science of what makes us tick. I'm an organizational psychologist, and I'm taking you inside the minds of fascinating people to explore new thoughts and new ways of thinking. Helene Landmore is a political scientist at Yale who studies democracy. She's written at length about the role everyday people can play in the politics that shape their lives, and she has a bold idea for fixing politics. In her new book, Politics Without Politicians, Alana argues that electoral politics is broken, but democracy is not. And she asked the question, what would it look like if we replace career politicians with citizen assemblies filled with people chosen by lot or lottery? It seems like a radical idea, but some countries and at least one US state have already started experimenting with it. I think what's scary for people is that when they think ordinary citizens for some reason, they they immediately go to, like, the most extreme people …

Get the full transcript (8,125 words) + summary by email — free

One-time email with the complete transcript and AI summary of this episode. No account needed.

One email, no spam. We’ll also show you what SignalCast does.

Browse all WorkLife with Adam Grant transcripts →

You just read a 3-minute summary of a 35-minute episode.

Get WorkLife with Adam Grant summarized like this every Monday — plus up to 2 more podcasts, free.

Pick Your Podcasts — Free

Keep Reading

More from WorkLife with Adam Grant

We summarize every new episode. Want them in your inbox?

Similar Episodes

Related episodes from other podcasts

Explore Related Topics

This podcast is featured in Best Business Podcasts (2026) — ranked and reviewed with AI summaries.

Read this week's Investing & Markets Podcast Insights — cross-podcast analysis updated weekly.

You're clearly into WorkLife with Adam Grant.

Every Monday, we deliver AI summaries of the latest episodes from WorkLife with Adam Grant and 192+ other podcasts. Free for one show.

Start My Monday Digest

No credit card · Unsubscribe anytime