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All-In with Chamath, Jason, Sacks & Friedberg

Inside the Private Stock Market Boom: SpaceX, Anthropic, OpenAI & the Rise of Secondaries

39 min episode · 2 min read
·

Episode

39 min

Read time

2 min

Topics

Productivity, Relationships, Investing

AI-Generated Summary

Key Takeaways

  • Secondary market pricing: Private company secondaries shifted from trading at 80 cents on the dollar in recent years to a 106% premium in Q1 2025. Sellers who previously accepted discounts for liquidity can now command premiums, making secondaries a viable third exit path alongside IPOs and acquisitions for VC-backed companies.
  • Retail access structure: Forge's partnership with Schwab creates interval funds holding 60 private companies including SpaceX, with $500 minimums for non-accredited investors. This bypasses the accredited investor requirement that blocks most retail participation in direct share purchases, though individual cap table positions still require accreditation under current SEC rules.
  • SPV fee exploitation: Gray-market SPVs charging 10% load fees plus double carry are proliferating around high-demand names like Anthropic and OpenAI. Both companies have moved to dissolve unauthorized SPVs. Investors should verify any private market vehicle is fully permissioned by the company and uses regulated, single-layer fee structures before committing capital.
  • Private market information distortion: CEOs of private companies receive systematically filtered feedback because investors fear losing deal access if they challenge management. Brad Gerstner cites Zuckerberg's own admission that Facebook's costly three-year HTML5 detour likely would have been corrected faster under public market scrutiny, suggesting private company valuations may embed execution risk that investors underestimate.
  • Levered ETF signal: Fourteen leveraged ETFs are reportedly planned to launch on the day of SpaceX's IPO. Baker and Gerstner treat this retail leverage concentration as a contrarian signal indicating peak-cycle positioning, recommending staged deployment — roughly 30% of fresh capital today — rather than full allocation into late-stage privates at current valuations.

What It Covers

Private secondary markets have reached record volume in 2025, with secondaries now representing 31% of all primary venture activity. Forge CEO Kelly Rodriguez, investor Gavin Baker, and Brad Gerstner examine how platforms like Forge-Schwab are opening SpaceX, Anthropic, and OpenAI equity to 46 million retail investors while managing valuation risk.

Key Questions Answered

  • Secondary market pricing: Private company secondaries shifted from trading at 80 cents on the dollar in recent years to a 106% premium in Q1 2025. Sellers who previously accepted discounts for liquidity can now command premiums, making secondaries a viable third exit path alongside IPOs and acquisitions for VC-backed companies.
  • Retail access structure: Forge's partnership with Schwab creates interval funds holding 60 private companies including SpaceX, with $500 minimums for non-accredited investors. This bypasses the accredited investor requirement that blocks most retail participation in direct share purchases, though individual cap table positions still require accreditation under current SEC rules.
  • SPV fee exploitation: Gray-market SPVs charging 10% load fees plus double carry are proliferating around high-demand names like Anthropic and OpenAI. Both companies have moved to dissolve unauthorized SPVs. Investors should verify any private market vehicle is fully permissioned by the company and uses regulated, single-layer fee structures before committing capital.
  • Private market information distortion: CEOs of private companies receive systematically filtered feedback because investors fear losing deal access if they challenge management. Brad Gerstner cites Zuckerberg's own admission that Facebook's costly three-year HTML5 detour likely would have been corrected faster under public market scrutiny, suggesting private company valuations may embed execution risk that investors underestimate.
  • Levered ETF signal: Fourteen leveraged ETFs are reportedly planned to launch on the day of SpaceX's IPO. Baker and Gerstner treat this retail leverage concentration as a contrarian signal indicating peak-cycle positioning, recommending staged deployment — roughly 30% of fresh capital today — rather than full allocation into late-stage privates at current valuations.

Notable Moment

Baker described venture firms without exposure to trillion-dollar private companies beginning to make erratic investments — writing speculative positions in marginal AI startups purely to maintain a credible narrative for LPs — as franchise risk from missing the AI cycle drives increasingly undisciplined capital deployment.

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Episode Transcript

Everybody wants access to these private markets. Grants right now to discuss all of this is Kelly Rodriguez. He's the Forge CEO. We see a world where the private market opens up and is accessible to any US and global investor. There's 19 companies in the private market, AI basket. These companies have grown on average 300%. Please join us in welcoming Gavin Baker, managing partner and CIO of Atreides. The ROI on AI has empirically, factually, unambiguously been possible. Investing is the search for truth. We welcome in Brad Gerstner. It's good to be back with you. You have a program called Invest America. I think we have a historic moment right now to get everybody into the game of capitalism. We have a few slides from Brad to kick this off. You know, let's let's let's get started. Spicy lobster. Times. Like old times. This, this panel, I I actually was backstage. I said, Gavin, do you know we're talking about secondaries? He's like, what do you mean? And I said, okay. So here let's just set this up for everybody. The room's full of people who are allocators, people who are looking for distributions. So this is, secondary markets over the course of the last decade. This is the amount of money going into VC each year, the amount of money coming out of VC each year. The red line represents the net effect of that. So, Chamath, we're in, like, five years, right, where a lot more is going in than is coming out. But the secondary market is at record volume. So this is you know, I call these companies quasi public companies. These are these later stage companies. There's buying and selling that's going on every day. Look at that, Jason. Relative to the '21 peak, we thought that was crazy. At the end of '21, we're double that now in terms of secondary transactions. This is the amount of employee secondary. So this is people buying into Anduril, Anthropic, SpaceX, now represents 31% of all primary venture activity is buying into these secondaries in 2025. Secondaries are now competing with IPOs and acquisitions as the principal way that these guys are exiting. So I thought that was a decent setup to start the conversation this morning, just to level set how important secondaries have become. And then the final one is secondaries over the last couple years were trading at a discount to market. So if we wanted to sell shares in one of our companies, right, to buyers out there, they were willing to give us 80¢ on the dollar in order for us to get liquid so that we could send DPI back to our LPs. Today, it's at a 106, so a premium in the market as a q one per month. Doesn't include some of the wild west of SPVs that have been unraveled recently. People charging 10% load in fees, double carry, and a lot of gray market …

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  • ForgeBy guest
    Forge CEO Kelly Rodriguez, investor Gavin Baker, and Brad Gerstner examine how platforms like Forge-Schwab are opening SpaceX, Anthropic, and OpenAI equity to 46 million retail investors.
  • Forge's partnership with Schwab creates interval funds holding 60 private companies including SpaceX, with $500 minimums for non-accredited investors.
  • Forge's partnership with Schwab creates interval funds holding 60 private companies including SpaceX.
  • Gray-market SPVs charging 10% load fees plus double carry are proliferating around high-demand names like Anthropic and OpenAI.
  • Gray-market SPVs charging 10% load fees plus double carry are proliferating around high-demand names like Anthropic and OpenAI.
  • Brad Gerstner cites Zuckerberg's own admission that Facebook's costly three-year HTML5 detour likely would have been corrected faster under public market scrutiny.

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