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The Daily (NYT)

A New Leader — and a New Showdown — at the Fed

35 min episode · 2 min read
·
Colby Smith

Episode

35 min

Read time

2 min

Topics

Career Growth, Productivity, Leadership

AI-Generated Summary

Key Takeaways

  • Fed Balance Sheet Risk: Warsh's central critique targets the Fed's balance sheet, which grew from under $1 trillion before 2008 to $9 trillion post-pandemic, now sitting near $6.5 trillion. He argues this expansion exacerbates inequality, disproportionately benefits holders of financial assets over wage earners, and constitutes fiscal policy disguised as monetary policy.
  • Powell's Board Leverage: By retaining his governor seat after May 15, Powell blocks Trump from appointing a replacement board member, preventing the president from gaining a working majority on the seven-member board. Board governors control interest rate decisions, bank regulatory policy, internal staffing, and regional bank president appointments — making majority control highly consequential.
  • Warsh's Rate-Cut Credibility Trap: Warsh built his career as an inflation hawk consistently opposing rate cuts, then shifted tone once Trump's nomination became likely. At his first meeting in June, cutting rates amid rising tariff-driven inflation risks would signal political subservience; holding rates steady contradicts his promised regime change and risks angering Trump immediately.
  • Senate Blockade Mechanics: Retiring Republican senator Tom Tillis held a pivotal vote on the Senate Banking Committee and refused to advance any Fed nominee while the Justice Department investigation into Powell remained open. With Republicans holding only a slim majority, one defection was sufficient to freeze the entire confirmation process for weeks.
  • Institutional Politicization Feedback Loop: Powell's decision to stay on the board, driven by Trump's attacks, sets a precedent where every departing Fed official must now calculate whether leaving creates an opening for politically aligned replacements. This transforms routine personnel transitions into strategic decisions, embedding political considerations permanently into the Fed's internal culture.

What It Covers

The U.S. Senate confirms Kevin Warsh as Federal Reserve chair, replacing Jerome Powell, who defies decades of tradition by remaining on the Fed's seven-member board of governors. NYT reporter Colby Smith explains how a Justice Department investigation, a Senate blockade, and institutional independence concerns created this unprecedented standoff.

Key Questions Answered

  • Fed Balance Sheet Risk: Warsh's central critique targets the Fed's balance sheet, which grew from under $1 trillion before 2008 to $9 trillion post-pandemic, now sitting near $6.5 trillion. He argues this expansion exacerbates inequality, disproportionately benefits holders of financial assets over wage earners, and constitutes fiscal policy disguised as monetary policy.
  • Powell's Board Leverage: By retaining his governor seat after May 15, Powell blocks Trump from appointing a replacement board member, preventing the president from gaining a working majority on the seven-member board. Board governors control interest rate decisions, bank regulatory policy, internal staffing, and regional bank president appointments — making majority control highly consequential.
  • Warsh's Rate-Cut Credibility Trap: Warsh built his career as an inflation hawk consistently opposing rate cuts, then shifted tone once Trump's nomination became likely. At his first meeting in June, cutting rates amid rising tariff-driven inflation risks would signal political subservience; holding rates steady contradicts his promised regime change and risks angering Trump immediately.
  • Senate Blockade Mechanics: Retiring Republican senator Tom Tillis held a pivotal vote on the Senate Banking Committee and refused to advance any Fed nominee while the Justice Department investigation into Powell remained open. With Republicans holding only a slim majority, one defection was sufficient to freeze the entire confirmation process for weeks.
  • Institutional Politicization Feedback Loop: Powell's decision to stay on the board, driven by Trump's attacks, sets a precedent where every departing Fed official must now calculate whether leaving creates an opening for politically aligned replacements. This transforms routine personnel transitions into strategic decisions, embedding political considerations permanently into the Fed's internal culture.

Notable Moment

Colby Smith notes that Powell had long planned to retire after his chairmanship ended, but reversed course specifically because of the Justice Department investigation and sustained White House pressure — making his stay an explicit institutional response to political interference rather than personal ambition.

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Episode Transcript

This message is brought to you by Apple Card. Spring always feels like a reset. Clearing things out, simplifying what you don't need, Apple Card is built with that same idea in mind. No annual fee, no late fees, and no foreign transaction fees. No fees, period. Get started and apply in the Wallet app on your iPhone today, subject to credit approval. Variable APRs for Apple Card range from 17.49% to 27.74% based on creditworthiness. Rates as of 01/01/2026. Existing customers can view their variable APR in the Wallet app or at card.apple.com. Apple Card issued by Goldman Sachs Bank USA. Salt Lake City branch. Terms and more at applecard.com. From the New York Times, I'm Michael Barbaro. This is The Daily. On Wednesday afternoon, after a year of harassing and threatening the chairman of the most powerful financial institution in the country, President Trump finally replaced it. Sort of. Today, Colby Smith on how the president ended one standoff at the Federal Reserve only to create a new one. It's Thursday, May 14. The ayes are 54. The nays are 45. The nomination is confirmed. The president will be immediately notified of the senate's action. The senate is confirming Kevin Warsh as the next chair of the Federal Reserve. The move puts president Trump's pick in charge of interest rate policy during a time of high prices and economic uncertainty. Colby, we find ourselves in a very curious place. Just a few hours ago, the US Senate confirmed president Trump's choice to replace Jerome Powell as chairman of the Federal Reserve, Powell whom the president has hated with the heat of a thousand suns. And yet, Powell is refusing to entirely see the stage. Even though he's no longer gonna be chairman of the Fed, he's made this very surprising decision to stay on at the Fed, not retire. And it's created this totally unusual scenario, old and new Fed chairs trying to somehow coexist inside the central bank in what is quite likely gonna be a very messy situation. So talk us through the events that got us to this moment over the past few weeks. So it's a really complicated moment for the Federal Reserve. Jerome Powell's decision to stay on at the Fed breaks with, really, decades of tradition. Mhmm. The last time this happened was in the late nineteen forties, and that was at the request of the president at the time, Harry Truman. So this is obviously a very different situation. As you said, Trump and Powell, they've been at loggerheads for most of Trump's second term, And I can't remember a time in history in which a Fed chair stayed on past the end of his tenure when the president explicitly didn't want him to. Mhmm. We have a fool at the Federal Reserve. He's an absolute fool. And this whole decision stemmed from an extraordinary pressure campaign launched by President Trump against Powell and the Fed for Powell's refusal to lower …

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