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Everything Everywhere Daily

Stablecoins: What They Are and How They Work

15 min episode · 2 min read

Episode

15 min

Read time

2 min

Topics

Fundraising & VC, Design & UX, Crypto & Web3

AI-Generated Summary

Key Takeaways

  • Reserve mechanics & profit model: Stablecoin issuers hold 100% reserves in treasury notes and cash, earning 4–5% interest on billions in holdings without paying holders any interest. An issuer with $100B in reserves generates roughly $4B annually in gross interest income before expenses.
  • International transfer costs: Sending $500 from the US to the Philippines currently costs $15–$40 in fees, a 2–4% exchange rate markup, and takes 1–5 business days through correspondent banks. Stablecoin transfers process near-instantly at near-zero cost, bypassing this entire intermediary chain.
  • Dollar access in high-inflation economies: Citizens in Argentina, Turkey, and Venezuela have seen local currencies lose 50–90% of their value recently. Stablecoins let anyone with a smartphone hold US dollars without a bank account, removing government risk of forced currency conversion.
  • Treasury demand implications: Stablecoin issuers must hold dollar-denominated assets, making them large buyers of US Treasury bills. Analysts project stablecoin growth could generate $500B to $1T in new Treasury bill demand by 2028, directly supporting US government deficit financing.

What It Covers

Stablecoins are blockchain-based digital tokens pegged one-to-one to the US dollar, backed by treasury notes and cash reserves, designed to solve international transfer costs, inflation in developing nations, and inefficiencies in the current global banking system.

Key Questions Answered

  • Reserve mechanics & profit model: Stablecoin issuers hold 100% reserves in treasury notes and cash, earning 4–5% interest on billions in holdings without paying holders any interest. An issuer with $100B in reserves generates roughly $4B annually in gross interest income before expenses.
  • International transfer costs: Sending $500 from the US to the Philippines currently costs $15–$40 in fees, a 2–4% exchange rate markup, and takes 1–5 business days through correspondent banks. Stablecoin transfers process near-instantly at near-zero cost, bypassing this entire intermediary chain.
  • Dollar access in high-inflation economies: Citizens in Argentina, Turkey, and Venezuela have seen local currencies lose 50–90% of their value recently. Stablecoins let anyone with a smartphone hold US dollars without a bank account, removing government risk of forced currency conversion.
  • Treasury demand implications: Stablecoin issuers must hold dollar-denominated assets, making them large buyers of US Treasury bills. Analysts project stablecoin growth could generate $500B to $1T in new Treasury bill demand by 2028, directly supporting US government deficit financing.

Notable Moment

USDC briefly lost its dollar peg in March 2023 after Circle disclosed $3.3B held at the just-failed Silicon Valley Bank — demonstrating that "dollar-backed" carries specific counterparty risk tied to where those dollars physically sit.

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Episode Transcript

One of the most talked about topics in finance today is stablecoins. Stablecoins have the potential to totally upend the world of banking and finance. Banks, governments, and tech companies are all looking at stablecoins to determine how they might use them in the future. However, as important as they might be, most people have absolutely no clue what they are. Learn more about stablecoins, how they work, and what problems they might solve on this episode of Everything Everywhere Daily. This episode is sponsored by Mint Mobile. Most of you might have something that you're saving up for. Maybe it's the trip of a lifetime, your children, your retirement, or maybe even something nice for yourself. And if you're looking for some extra money, the easiest thing you can do is to cancel your current mobile plan and switch to Mint Mobile. With Mint Mobile, you can get high speed data and unlimited talk and text delivered on the nation's largest five g network starting at only $15 a month. Use your own phone and number, activate with eSIM in minutes, and start saving immediately. No long term contracts and no hassle. That's why I recommend Mint Mobile. If you like your money, Mint Mobile is for you. Shop plans at mintmobile.com/eed. That's mintmobile.com/eed. Upfront payment of $45 for three month five gigabyte plan required equivalent to $15 a month. New customer offer for first three months only, then full price plan options available. Taxes and fees extra. See Mint Mobile for details. This episode is sponsored by TrueWork. If you ever had to work outside in the spring, you know how unpredictable it can be. Cold in the morning, warm by lunch, muddy by afternoon, and maybe raining before dinner. That's why True Works stands out. They use advanced performance fabrics instead of old school cotton blends, so their gear moves with you and handles changing conditions. The t two work pant is built for spring weather with four way stretch for bending, kneeling, and climbing, a water resistant finish to shed rain, and nine intelligently placed pockets to keep tools right where you need them. These pants have been tested for over ten years by real trade pros on real job sites and have more than 15,005 star reviews. I have a pair, and I wish I had them years ago when I was traveling because they would have made the perfect travel pants. The work doesn't stop just because the weather changes. Upgrade to the t two work pant and stay comfortable no matter what the day brings. Get 15% off your first order at truework.com with code everything. That's truewerk.com code everything. True Work, built like it matters because it does. One of my least favorite terms is crypto. The reason is that the word is so vague and can encompass many things that are often quite different from one another. Bitcoin is technically a cryptocurrency, but it's completely decentralized and strictly limited in the …

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